Updated on Feb. 2.
Much of President Donald Trump’s economic agenda in his second term has focused on levying tariffs on imports from virtually every country on Earth.
Some tariffs have been eliminated or modified along the way, others have been threatened but never implemented. The flurry of activity throughout 2025 has left a complex web of trade barriers — many of which may be undone in a looming Supreme Court decision.
News developments:
Trump lowers tariffs on Indian imports to 18%
On Feb. 2, President Trump announced on Truth Social that the U.S. and India reached a trade deal. He said the reciprocal tariff on India would be lowered 25% to 18%; the U.S. will also reportedly drop the additional 25% tariff imposed in August to penalize India for buying Russian oil. As part of the deal, Trump said India would buy American products “at a much higher level,” along with over $500 billion of U.S. energy, technology, agricultural, coal and other products.
Trump targets Canadian aircrafts with 50% tariff, decertification
On Jan. 29, President Trump called for a 50% tariff on Canadian-made aircraft and said the U.S. would be decertifying Canadian planes. The announcement came after Canada refused to certify jets made by Gulfstream Aerospace, a company based in Savannah, Georgia.
In a Truth Social post, Trump said that if the issue is not “immediately corrected,” the U.S. would impose tariffs on all Canadian planes sold in America. He also said, “Based on the fact that Canada has wrongfully, illegally, and steadfastly refused to certify the Gulfstream 500, 600, 700, and 800 Jets, one of the greatest, most technologically advanced airplanes ever made, we are hereby decertifying their Bombardier Global Expresses, and all Aircraft made in Canada, until such time as Gulfstream, a Great American Company, is fully certified, as it should have been many years ago.”
On Jan. 24, Trump threatened Canada with 100% tariffs over that nation’s recent trade deal to increase electric vehicle exports from China.
Trump promises ‘framework’ deal with NATO, pulls back tariffs
The saga of President Trump’s quest to purchase Greenland continues.
On Jan. 21, Trump reversed his recent threats to slap tariffs on several European countries over their opposition to U.S. ambitions to take control of Greenland.
Trump said the U.S. agreed on a “framework of a future deal” with NATO regarding Greenland and the broader Arctic region. He offered no further details.
Trump made the announcement at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. He pulled back on his previous threats to impose 10% tariffs starting on Feb. 1, which would have risen to 25% by June 1. The countries that would have been affected include Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
As a result of Trump’s threats, the yet-to-be-finalized European Union trade deal with the U.S. was put on hold. It’s unclear what the future of the deal is with tariffs off the table.
The Kingdom of Denmark owns Greenland. Trump has said many times that he wants Greenland, which is positioned in the Arctic, for strategic and security reasons to counter Russia and China. He has also pointed to Greenland’s natural resources as a benefit.
Trump threatens new tariffs on countries that do business with Iran
In a social media post, President Trump announced a new 25% tariff on any country “doing business” with Iran, in the midst of that country’s crackdown on dissent.
“Effective immediately, any Country doing business with the Islamic Republic of Iran will pay a Tariff of 25% on any and all business being done with the United States of America,” Trump wrote on Truth Social on Jan. 12. “This Order is final and conclusive.”
The announcement was not accompanied by an executive order and the White House has not provided additional details.
Among the nations that could be hit is China. The U.S. already has a range of tariffs in place on China that add up to an aggregate of more than 45% on most items. China is believed to be the biggest global customer for Iranian oil.
Because of sanctions that are already in place, the United States does limited trade with Iran. In 2025, through October, the United States had sold $47.9 million in exports and purchased $1.3 million in imports.
Supreme Court tariff decision could come soon
The U.S. Supreme Court is expected to rule as early as this month on the legality of many of the president’s tariffs. A ruling was widely anticipated on Friday, but didn't arrive.
When the court heard arguments on the matter in November, justices questioned the legitimacy of the justification Trump used to impose widespread tariffs without approval from Congress.
Early in his current term, Trump invoked the 1977 International Emergency Economic Powers Act as proof of his authority to enact a bevy of tariffs on trade partners worldwide.
The high court heard oral arguments for two combined cases — one by Democratic-run states and the other by private companies — challenging the legality of Trump's use of emergency powers to regulate imports. Lower courts have ruled against Trump, saying presidents do not have that power — only Congress does.
Most of the justices — including conservative justices Amy Coney Barrett, Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh and Chief Justice John Roberts — expressed concerns over the constitutionality of the executive branch wielding power to unilaterally impose tariffs. However, conservative justice Samuel Alito suggested there was leeway for interpretation.
The court’s ruling would have broad implications for current and future executive authority over trade. If the justices deem the tariffs unconstitutional, it could undo Trump’s trade deals and could leave the government liable for billions in refunds to importers.
Increased tariffs on furniture, cabinets postponed
In September 2025, Trump announced increased tariffs on upholstered furniture (30%) as well as kitchen cabinets and bathroom vanities (50%). Tariffs on these items were already 25%. The higher tariffs were initially announced as going into effect in October, but have remained at 25% since the announcement.
On Dec. 31, the White House announced that the higher tariffs would be delayed until Jan. 1, 2027. For now, they remain at 25%.